{"id":23320,"date":"2024-07-21T02:01:55","date_gmt":"2024-07-21T02:01:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/?p=23320"},"modified":"2024-07-26T03:10:33","modified_gmt":"2024-07-26T03:10:33","slug":"nurturing-little-einsteins-with-seamless-learning-in-primary-science-classrooms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/2024\/07\/21\/nurturing-little-einsteins-with-seamless-learning-in-primary-science-classrooms\/","title":{"rendered":"Nurturing Little Einsteins with Seamless Learning in Primary Science Classrooms"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN\" lang=\"EN\" class=\"TextRun Highlight SCXW248797249 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW248797249 BCX0\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"Strong\">Contributed by\u202f<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun Highlight SCXW248797249 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW248797249 BCX0\">Tan Si Hua, Rachael Fang Swee Sian and <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW248797249 BCX0\">Nurhuda<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW248797249 BCX0\"> Amin from\u202f<\/span><\/span><a class=\"Hyperlink SCXW248797249 BCX0\" href=\"https:\/\/westgrovepri.moe.edu.sg\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun Underlined SCXW248797249 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW248797249 BCX0\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"Hyperlink\">West Grove Primary School<\/span><\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun Highlight SCXW248797249 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW248797249 BCX0\">, for\u202f<\/span><\/span><a class=\"Hyperlink SCXW248797249 BCX0\" href=\"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/virtual-staff-lounge\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun Underlined SCXW248797249 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW248797249 BCX0\" data-ccp-charstyle=\"Hyperlink\">SingTeach Virtual Staff Lounge<\/span><\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun Highlight EmptyTextRun SCXW248797249 BCX0\"><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW248797249 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_23451\" style=\"width: 560px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23451\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_group-photo-1-300x169.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23451\" width=\"550\" height=\"310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_group-photo-1-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_group-photo-1-1024x577.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_group-photo-1-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_group-photo-1-1536x865.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_group-photo-1.jpeg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-23451\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The team comprises (from left to right) Rachael Fang Swee Sian, Tan Si Hua and Nurhuda Amin.<\/p><\/div>\n<h1><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW167733097 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW167733097 BCX0\">Seamless Learning in <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW167733097 BCX0\">Primary <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW167733097 BCX0\">Science Classrooms\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW167733097 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">A central goal of science education is to enable students in their foundation years to appreciate the value of science and its application in their everyday lives<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">,<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\"> laying the groundwork for future pursuits of science learning. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">Reali<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">z<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">ing <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">this goal <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">necessitates<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\"> that science classrooms provide students with learning experiences that <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">leverage<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\"> their interests and stimulate their curiosity <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">as inquirers <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">to explore and apply scientific concepts to phenomena related to their daily experiences and environment, going beyond learning facts and outcomes of scientific investigations (N<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">G<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW18336023 BCX0\">SS, 2013).<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW18336023 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW199358250 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW199358250 BCX0\">Seamless Learning (Wong, Looi, & Goh, 201<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW199358250 BCX0\">9<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW199358250 BCX0\">), which may be understood as the integration of experiences across formal and informal settings and the blending of individual and collaborative learning experiences in both physical and digital spaces through a continuous learning trajectory, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW199358250 BCX0\">supports learners in exploring and appreciating the role of science in their everyday lives and cultivates students\u2019 habits of mind as budding inquirers.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW199358250 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h1><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW115109980 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW115109980 BCX0\">Scaffolding <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW115109980 BCX0\">S<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW115109980 BCX0\">eamless <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW115109980 BCX0\">S<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW115109980 BCX0\">cience <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW115109980 BCX0\">L<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW115109980 BCX0\">earning <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW115109980 BCX0\">E<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW115109980 BCX0\">xperiences<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW115109980 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW41603913 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW41603913 BCX0\">To support teachers in implementing Seamless Learning experiences, Wong, Looi, and Voon (2018) developed a useful framework in the form of a Seamless Learning lesson design rubric, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW41603913 BCX0\">comprising<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW41603913 BCX0\"> eight design principles derived from a synthesis of Seamless literature<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW41603913 BCX0\"> (see Figure 1)<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW41603913 BCX0\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW41603913 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_23456\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-23456\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_Figure-1-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23456\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_Figure-1-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_Figure-1-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_Figure-1-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ST89_VSL_WGPS_Figure-1.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-23456\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1. Eight Dimensions of Seamless Learning<\/p><\/div>\n<p><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW183443890 BCX0\">For example, designing and viewing a learning experience through the lens of this framework for Primary 5 students on the topic of the water cycle, with the <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW183443890 BCX0\">objective<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW183443890 BCX0\"> of helping students <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW183443890 BCX0\">identify<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW183443890 BCX0\"> the roles of evaporation and condensation in the water cycle and <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW183443890 BCX0\">recogni<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW183443890 BCX0\">z<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW183443890 BCX0\">e <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW183443890 BCX0\">their importance, can look like this:<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun Underlined SCXW94838487 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW94838487 BCX0\">Lower Levels of Seamless Learning<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">At lower levels of the Seamless Learning rubrics, learning experiences <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">predominantly focus<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"> on the transmission of subject content on the water cycle rather than <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">facilitating<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"> meaning-making through inquiry <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">(Constructivism)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">, with limited experiences to help students relate their daily experiences to the water cycle <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">(Authenticity)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">. Learning is <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">largely confined<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"> to formal settings with little or no explicit connections made between what students learn in class <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">about the water cycle and their everyday experiences, focusing on drill-and-practice assignments <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">(Formal-Informal Learning)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">.<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"> Cross-topic and disciplinary connections are primarily explained to students didactically <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">(Cross-idea\/topic\/disciplinary Connections)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW193538299 BCX0\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW193538299 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">Learning activities <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">predominantly involve<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"> students working independently, with few opportunities for collaboration <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">(Individual-Social)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">. Additionally, activities are <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">mainly directed<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"> by teachers, with content primarily adhering closely to curriculum-based learning goals specified in the syllabus <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">(<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW123936271 BCX0\">Personaliz<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW123936271 BCX0\">ed<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"> Learning)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">. Formative assessment is primarily driven by teachers, involving the design and assessment of students with tools like quizzes and performance tasks <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">(Cross-contextual Formative Assessment)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">. Little technology is applied in isolated learning activities without enhancing scientific inquiry. For example, students may watch an online explainer on the water cycle without follow-up activities to deepen their understanding or connect to other learning experiences <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">(Meaningful Use of ICT Tools)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW123936271 BCX0\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW123936271 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun Underlined SCXW28303848 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW28303848 BCX0\">Higher Levels of Seamless Learning<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\">At higher levels of the Seamless Learning rubrics, students are provided with a range of inquiry learning experiences, such as hands-on activities, intentionally bridged to encourage the construction of scientific knowledge on the water cycle through personal reflections and by challenging their peers’ viewpoints <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\">(Constructivism)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\">. Students <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW152966083 BCX0\">have the opportunity to<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\"> <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\">observe<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\"> and manipulate real-world environments, encouraging the generation of new knowledge. For example, teachers can guide students in discussing real-world challenges related to clean water and sanitation by exploring the UN Sustainable Development Goals and Singapore\u2019s water story to help students appreciate water as a precious resource, augmented with a visit to the <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\">NE<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\">W<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\">ater <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\">plant, highlighting how science and technology have transformed the world and improved our lives. Additionally, teachers can introduce inventions such as fog catchers and mist cooling systems to help students appreciate the meaningful applications of evaporation and condensation in everyday phenomena <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\">(Authenticity)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW152966083 BCX0\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW152966083 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">In more advanced Seamless Learning experiences, teachers intentionally bridge students\u2019 cross-topic and disciplinary connections. For instance, students conduct water audits to investigate water wastage costs using <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">rates learned in <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW7364595 BCX0\">Mathematics, and<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\"> explore hydroelectric power generation for the scientific theme on Energy <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">(Cross-idea\/topic\/disciplinary Connections)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW7364595 BCX0\">Students have the opportunity to work both individually and collaboratively throughout inquiry learning experiences.<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\"> For example, to ensure students complete pre-reading materials and <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">acquire<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\"> foundational knowledge about the water cycle, teachers first administer an individual quiz. Teachers then have students discuss and <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">finali<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">z<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">e<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\"> <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">their answers in groups, followed by a class discussion to address strengths, gaps, and misconceptions, thereby connecting individual and collaborative learning experiences <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">(Individual-Social)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW7364595 BCX0\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW7364595 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">Throughout the seamless learning process, key technological applications of ICT tools are integrated to support the shift of the learning culture to one that is more participative, reflective, and connected by enhancing student engagement, deepening learning, and giving greater student agency <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">(Meaningful Use of ICT Tools)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">. Students can set and pursue both curriculum-based and interest-based learning goals and experiences <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">(<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">Personali<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">z<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">ed <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">Learning)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">. For example, the exponential rise of generative AI can create child-friendly learning companion chatbots like <\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">School.ai<\/span><\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">, which provide prompts, hints, and introduce related topics, encouraging students to pursue <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">personali<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">z<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">ed <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">learning pathways and explore interest-based subjects such as the impact of water pollution beyond the water cycle curriculum. Technology can also enhance formative assessment processes, involving students playing a more active role in reflecting on their own understanding through self and peer assessments as a budding community of practice of young inquirers <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">(Cross-contextual Formative Assessment)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">, through both formal and informal settings <\/span><\/span><strong><em><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">(Formal-Informal Learning)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW266937504 BCX0\">. For example, students can engage in knowledge building and peer feedback through online discussions to connect classroom learning with observations on the water cycle made in daily experiences.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW266937504 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h1><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW54081104 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW54081104 BCX0\">Insights from Implementing Seamless Learning<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">One major takeaway from implementing Seamless Learning is <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">witnessing<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\"> firsthand how students can be a tremendous source of progressive approaches to <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">s<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">cience <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">teaching and learning. When teachers skillfully bridge students\u2019 inquiry experiences and intentionally invite students as learning partners to actively co-construct the social and technological <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">learning contexts, students <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">demonstrate<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\"> a propensity to contribute meaningfully to the collective intelligence of the community of practice as budding inquirers, thereby deepening inquiry. For example, tapping into students’ curiosity and interest in extreme environmental temperatures, elicited through online discussions, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">has <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">spurred cross-topic connections on climate change and its impact on water cycles<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">Our team <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">is <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">look<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">ing<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\"> forward to <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">embrac<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">ing<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\"> <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">Seamless Learning as an educational philosophy, cultivating students’ habits of mind from their formative years for science in life, learning, and citizenship, nurturing the little Einsteins of tomorrow.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW33725671 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Georgia',serif; color: #333333;\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"shortcode-block-quote-center\" style=\"color:#999999\"><o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Georgia',serif; color: #333333;\">“<span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">When teachers skillfully bridge students\u2019 inquiry experiences and intentionally invite students as learning partners to actively co-construct the social and technological <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">learning contexts, students <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\">demonstrate<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33725671 BCX0\"> a propensity to contribute meaningfully to the collective intelligence of the community of practice as budding inquirers, thereby deepening inquiry<\/span><\/span>.”<o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Georgia',serif; color: #333333;\"><\/div>\n<p><o:p><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n<h1><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW89432309 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW89432309 BCX0\">Good Seamless Learning Practices<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW89432309 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\n<div class=\"message-box-wrapper yellow\">\n<div class=\"message-box-title\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"message-box-content\">\n<p><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW3489123 BCX0\">“When students are intentionally equipped with independent learning skills like notetaking and research skills, as well as collaborative skills like turn-taking and using sentence starters such as \u201cI agree with you because\u2026,\u201d they <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW3489123 BCX0\">are enabled to<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW3489123 BCX0\"> participate more effectively as inquirers<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW3489123 BCX0\"> in Seamless Learning experiences<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW3489123 BCX0\">, shifting their roles from passive recipients of scientific knowledge to active inquirers, while teachers’ roles shift from knowledge dispensers to facilitators of inquiry.”<\/span><\/p>\n<p>– <em><strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" class=\"TextRun SCXW173219203 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW173219203 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">Rachael Fang Swee Sian, Edtech Champion\/West Grove Primary School<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW173219203 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"134233117":true,"134233118":true,"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"message-box-wrapper yellow\">\n<div class=\"message-box-title\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"message-box-content\">\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\" class=\"TextRun SCXW19866279 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW19866279 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">Designing Seamless Learning need not present high barriers. Teachers can tap into existing high-quality resources such as the Student Learning Space Lessons, MOE teaching guides, Sparkle kits, and Young Scientist cards. They can also integrate school-based programs like Project Work and the Applied Learning Programme activities, along with readily accessible educational websites and emerging technologies like VR and AR, as valuable entry points to seamless learning.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>–<em><strong><span data-contrast=\"auto\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" lang=\"EN-US\" class=\"TextRun SCXW167551418 BCX0\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW167551418 BCX0\">Nurhuda<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW167551418 BCX0\"> Amin, Senior Teacher\/West Grove Primary School<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW167551418 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":278}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><b><span lang=\"EN-SG\">References<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<p paraid=\"506502481\" paraeid=\"{511e15eb-25b0-4644-80cf-0457956211d6}{5}\"><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\"><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">NGSS Lead States. (2013).\u202f<\/span><\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\"><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">Next generation science standards: For states, by states<\/span><\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\"><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">. National Academies Press.<\/span><\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{"134233117":true,"134233118":true,"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<p paraid=\"1535509006\" paraeid=\"{511e15eb-25b0-4644-80cf-0457956211d6}{15}\"><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\"><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">Wong, L.H., Looi, C.K., & Voon, X. P. (2018). A rubric for assessing <\/span><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">seamlessized<\/span><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\"> Science learning lesson plans. <\/span><\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\"><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">Workshop proceedings of <\/span><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">26th international conference on computers in education <\/span><\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\"><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">(pp. 761\u2013766), Manila, Philippines.<\/span><\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{"134233117":true,"134233118":true,"201341983":0,"335551550":6,"335551620":6,"335559740":240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<p paraid=\"95012060\" paraeid=\"{511e15eb-25b0-4644-80cf-0457956211d6}{27}\"><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\"><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">Wong, L. H., & Looi, C. K. (2019). The conceptual niche of seamless learning: An invitation to dialogue.\u202f<\/span><\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\"><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">Seamless learning: Perspectives, <\/span><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">challenges<\/span><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\"> and opportunities<\/span><\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\" xml:lang=\"EN-SG\" lang=\"EN-SG\"><span data-ccp-parastyle=\"Normal (Web)\">, 3-27.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Contributed by\u202fTan Si Hua, Rachael Fang Swee Sian and Nurhuda Amin from\u202fWest Grove Primary School, for\u202fSingTeach Virtual Staff […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":23321,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[404,571,32],"tags":[107,265,284,295,300,304,326,416,572],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23320"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23320"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23320\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23647,"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23320\/revisions\/23647"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23320"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23320"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/singteach.nie.edu.sg\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23320"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}